Voldemort from Harry Potter is not the all-powerful wizard he believes that he is, and even a Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort duel would likely end in the Dark Lord's defeat. Here are 15 witches and wizards who could've held their own against Voldemort. Outside of his Horcruxes, Voldemort was simply a mortal — albeit talented — wizard. His fear of death turned out to be one of his greatest weaknesses, along with his inability to understand or emote love. That's ultimately what helped Harry Potter finish Tom Riddle off, but Harry wasn't the only wizard that had to potential to best Voldemort.
While there's certainly a case for Hogwarts founder Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort ending in the latter's demise, Dumbledore vs Voldemort or even Grindelwald vs Voldemort would've likely had the same outcome. While Tom Riddle was practiced and proficient in the Dark Arts, he ignored other forms of magic that could've proved equally, if not more, powerful if he hadn't discounted them. Harry Potter was prophesized to be the Dark Lord's downfall, and the prophecy did come true. However, there are a ton of powerful wizards in the Harry Potter franchise that also could've done the job.
Albus Dumbledore
This one's already a given. Albus Dumbledore is the most obvious person who can defeat Voldemort, outside of the Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort debate, and the Dark Lord seemed to realize it. Rowling herself has explicitly stated in the books that Dumbledore is the only person Voldemort fears and recognizes as a genuine threat to his own power.
A quick look at their fight in Order of the Phoenix should be enough to see how Dumbledore fares against Voldemort. In fact, Voldemort would have been defeated then and there if not for Harry's presence. That means if Dumbledore ever had another fair chance to fight Voldemort, the Dark Lord's defeat would almost certainly be inevitable.
Hermione Granger
Nearly everyone who meets Hermione agrees that she's the brightest witch of her age that they've ever met, and she was tackling threats that most adult witches or wizards couldn't handle in her first year at Hogwarts. Perhaps Hermione would have had some trouble against Voldemort in her early years, but as an adult witch, she could certainly give him a run for his money if not outright demolish the Dark Lord.
Her power combined with her breadth of knowledge is tough to beat. She proved her dueling skills multiple times throughout the series, but particularly in The Deathly Hallows. Hermione was one of the few to escape the Battle of Hogwarts relatively unscathed compared to many of her counterparts and even much older and more experienced Order of the Phoenix . With her Rolodex of spell knowledge, she may have had a few tricks up her sleeve the Dark Lord wouldn't have known about.
Gellert Grindelwald
Objectively, Gellert Grindelwald actually had better "Dark Lord" achievements than Voldemort, despite being killed by him. Voldemort just happened to be eviler and more driven, hence more dangerous, but he is by no means more powerful than Grindelwald. Even in the midst of the Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort debate, Grindelwald could not only likely match Voldemort's magical abilities, but he seemed to be a more compelling and charismatic leader, winning over legions of wizards.
Voldemort, by comparison, struggled to take over a small region of the Wizarding World (including a school) for more than a decade. Dumbledore himself itted that Grindelwald was a "touch more skilled" when both were at the peak of their powers and skill and faced difficulty when defeating Grindelwald in 1945.
Antonin Dolohov
Death Eaters don't exactly have a long life expectancy due to the occupational hazards, but the ones that do survive their own temperamental boss and the dangers of the job are among the most powerful and cunning. Antonin Dolohov, for that matter, is the most decorated Death Eater in Voldemort's ranks.
He has the highest win/loss ratio among all Death Eaters, and his peers are no match for his dueling skill. He was able to defeat Remus Lupin and Mad-Eye Moody while also having the rare ability to cast strong spells without words. If he plays it smart and carefully like Harry, he just might get a chance against his own leader.
Salazar Slytherin
In the case of Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort, the Hogwarts founder comes out on top. Tom Riddle may have been the Heir of Slytherin, but it seems like a safe bet to assume that the Dark Lord probably couldn't defeat Salazar. Not only is the ancient Slytherin essentially the source of Voldemort's magic, but his intellect and cunning would likely run circles around the Dark Lord.
Voldemort plans decades ahead, while Salazar planned centuries ahead. Voldemort hid Horcruxes in Hogwarts for years, and Slytherin managed to conceal the Chamber of Secrets and a whole Basilisk. It was only because of Slytherin's work that the Dark Lord was able to use the Chamber of Secrets at all. The Dark Lord would be no match for the Hogwarts founder.
Neville Longbottom
It might sound like a stretch, but Neville could have been as good as Harry. Because in an alternate universe, Neville Longbottom could have been the official Chosen One, and just as Harry stood against Voldemort and defeated him in a straight duel, Neville probably could have done the same.
It just so happens that Harry was the wizard that Voldemort believed was the one to defeat him. Meanwhile, Neville, being the "other" Chosen One, could have easily fulfilled the prophecy just as Harry did. After all, Harry mostly won because the Elder Wand refused to kill him. The fact that the prophecy could've referred to Neville proves that he has it in him to beat the Dark Lord, and Voldemort only chose Harry because he was a half-blood like himself, and Neville was a pureblood.
Nicolas Flamel
Nicolas Flamel, creator of the Sorcerer's Stone, has only had brief mentions and appearances in the Wizarding World but he could almost defeat Voldemort in a one-on-one duel. This is likely due to his age, pre-planning, and breadth of magical knowledge, similar to the Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort match-up.
Nicolas is a huge threat to the Dark Lord for a few reasons. The first and most obvious is that he managed to do what Voldemort failed to do, and seemingly keep himself alive for a near-eternity. Secondly, Flamel's centuries on earth mean that his knowledge of magic is undoubtedly unparalleled by any living person, knowing more than possibly even Dumbledore.
Minerva McGonagall
McGonagall was among the oldest and most experienced teachers in Hogwarts, and she was a worthy successor to Dumbledore as the heistress. In fact, she has proven her mettle against Voldemort and survived a duel against him in The Deathly Hallows. To be fair, it was McGonagall, Horace Slughorn, and Kingsley Shacklebolt who dueled Voldemort at the same time.
Sadly, he incapacitated all three of them after being enraged at the news of Bellatrix Lestrange's death. However, the fact that McGonagall was able to withstand Voldemort is proof enough that she can take on him under the right circumstances and with a little luck.
Filius Flitwick
Professor Filius Flitwick doesn't seem like the type to get violent unless it's absolutely necessary, but he surely has the dueling capability to withstand the Dark Lord and was one of the most powerful Ravenclaws in the series. As proof of Flitwick's mastery of dueling, he's the one who defeated Antonin Dolohov, Voldemort's most decorated Death Eater.
It's safe to assume that Flitwick has a fighting chance against Voldemort himself in the dueling department at the very least. Flitwick did defeat his best Death Eater, and he's quite literally a Charms expert. In addition, Flitwick was a decorated duelist, being named a champion duelist in his youth. While the Salazar Slytherin vs Voldemort winner could win based on his knowledge, Flitwick would come out on top because of his skill.
Kingsley Shacklebolt
Kingsley Shacklebolt is a part of the squad who held off Voldemort commendably, and he's also one of the veteran of the Order of the Phoenix. Shacklebolt's skill and talents did net him the top position in the Ministry of Magic, and that says a lot about his capabilities. He was also in charge of protecting the Muggle Prime Minister against Voldemort in The Half-Blood Prince and The Deathly Hallows.
When it comes to duels and wizard battles, Kingsley has shown that he can easily fight and survive multiple Death Eaters all at once. He's one of the few who came to Harry's rescue in Order of the Phoenix. In any case, anyone worthy enough to become a Minister of Magic is competent enough for a duel with a Dark Lord.